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MAY 26 IAS KAS CURRENT AFFAIRS QUIZ:
1)What is/are the objectives of ‘One Health- High Level Expert Panel’ seen in news?
To study the emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases.
To take speedy decision on the emergency use authorization of vaccines related to zoonotic diseases.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution (a)
- International organizations have come together to launch a new One Health High-Level Expert Panel to improve understanding of how diseases with the potential to trigger pandemics, emerge and spread. The panel will advise four international organizations – the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO); the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE); the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); and the World Health Organization (WHO) – on the development of a long-term global plan of action to avert outbreaks of diseases like H5N1 avian influenza; MERS; Ebola; Zika, and, possibly, COVID-19. Three quarters of all emerging infectious diseases originate in animals.
- It will analyse the factors that lead to transmission of a disease from animal to human and vice versa
- Development of risk assessment and surveillance frameworks
- Identification of capacity gaps as well as agreement on good practices to prevent and prepare for zoonotic outbreaks.
- The panel will consider the impact of human activity on the environment and wildlife habitats. Critical areas will include food production and distribution; urbanization and infrastructure development; international travel and trade; activities that lead to biodiversity loss and climate change; and those that put increased pressure on the natural resource base – all of which can lead to the emergence of zoonotic diseases.
2)Recently, Rome declaration was signed at the Global Health Summit, organized by which of the following:
a) WHO
b) G20
c) Gavi
d) G7
Solution (b)
- Global Health Summit was organised by G20. At the summit G20 countries agreed to the Rome Declaration which sets out principles and guiding commitments to overcome the challenges posed by Covid-19.
- Principles of Rome Declaration are:
- Support and enhance the existing multilateral health architecture for preparedness, prevention,
- detection and response.
- enhanced implementation of the multi-sectoral, evidence based One Health approach to address risks emerging from the human-animal-environment interface, the threat of anti-microbial resistance, noting the role of relevant international organisations in that regard.
- Foster all-of-society and health-in-all policies approaches
- Promote the multilateral trading system and the importance of open, resilient, diversified, secure, efficient and reliable global supply chains across the whole value chain related to health emergencies
- Enable equitable, affordable, timely, global access to high-quality, safe and effective prevention,
- detection and response tools.
3)Consider the following statements regarding Protected Planet Report 2020, released recently:
It is published by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
The report provides the final report on the status of Aichi Biodiversity Targets.
Aichi Biodiversity Targets were adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution (b)
- The Protected Planet Report 2020 is published by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
- It assesses the state of protected and conserved areas around the world.
- The Protected Planet Report 2020 edition provides the final report on the status of Aichi Biodiversity Target 11. The Aichi Biodiversity Targets were adopted during the tenth meeting of the Conference of Parties (COP 10) in 2010 in Nagoya, Japan.
Key findings of the report are:
As many as 82% of countries and territories increased their share of protected area and coverage of other effective area- based conservation measures (OECM) since 2010. OECM are a conservation designation for areas that are achieving the effective in-situ conservation of biodiversity outside of protected areas.
Since 2010, over 21 million square kilometer has been placed within protected and conserved areas, meaning 42% of the area now within protected and conserved areas has been added in the last decade.
On an average, 62.6% of key biodiversity areas (KBA) either fully or partially overlap with protected areas and OECMs. KBAs are the sites that contribute significantly to the global persistence of biodiversity, in terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystem.
4)GaiaEnceladus, seen recently in news is a:
a) Dwarf Star
b) Exoplanet
c) Dwarf Galaxy
d) Asteroid
Solution (c)
- GaiaEnceladus is the remains of a dwarf galaxy that merged with the Milky Way about 8-11 billion years ago. The merging of the Milky Way with a satellite galaxy GaiaEnceladus is very significant in
- the Milky Way’s history. By estimating the ages of a bunch of red giants in the Milky Way galaxy, researchers were able to show that this merger took place some ten billion years ago. By then, the Milky Way already had its own stars at the centre and those from the merger occupied the edges. This work was published in Nature Astronomy
5)Which of the following diseases is /are caused by Fungi?
Whooping cough
Meningitis
Mucormycosis
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 1, 2 and 3
d) None of the above
Solution (b)
- Whooping cough or Pertussis is a respiratory illness caused by bacteria called Bordetella pertussis.
- Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. A bacterial or viral infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord usually causes the swelling.
- Mucormycosis ia a serious but rare infection caused by a group of moulds called mucormycetes. These moulds live throughout the environment. Mucormycosis mainly affects people who have health problems or take medicines that lower the body’s ability to fight germs and sickness. It is also termed as black Fungus.
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- Current Affairs Quiz: 25 May 2021
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